R Notebook

set.seed(42)

library(dplyr)

setwd("~/Projects/companies-bankruptcy-forecast/src")

Read all the data

bankruptcy_data <- read.csv('../data/bankruptcy_Train.csv')
head(bankruptcy_data)

summary(bankruptcy_data)

     Attr1               Attr2                Attr3                Attr4         
 Min.   : -9.47479   Min.   :-140.60456   Min.   :-25.597146   Min.   :-0.38164  
 1st Qu.: -0.07978   1st Qu.:  -0.05560   1st Qu.: -0.516971   1st Qu.:-0.19231  
 Median : -0.01920   Median :   0.00025   Median :  0.003186   Median :-0.11797  
 Mean   :  0.00795   Mean   :  -0.00714   Mean   : -0.003544   Mean   : 0.00500  
 3rd Qu.:  0.08122   3rd Qu.:   0.05696   3rd Qu.:  0.585722   3rd Qu.: 0.02271  
 Max.   :137.55787   Max.   :   2.00493   Max.   :  3.324327   Max.   :60.82546  
     Attr5                Attr6               Attr7                Attr8         
 Min.   :-138.72001   Min.   :-26.24956   Min.   :-141.17661   Min.   :-0.96602  
 1st Qu.:   0.00680   1st Qu.: -0.01605   1st Qu.:  -0.00802   1st Qu.:-0.44567  
 Median :   0.00730   Median : -0.01605   Median :   0.00428   Median :-0.26015  
 Mean   :  -0.00469   Mean   :  0.00146   Mean   :  -0.00696   Mean   : 0.00905  
 3rd Qu.:   0.00775   3rd Qu.:  0.01603   3rd Qu.:   0.02422   3rd Qu.: 0.09887  
 Max.   :  11.55624   Max.   :121.35474   Max.   :   0.62309   Max.   :47.50446  
     Attr9              Attr10              Attr11              Attr12         
 Min.   :-1.29434   Min.   : -2.52849   Min.   :-97.17275   Min.   :-77.27959  
 1st Qu.:-0.38818   1st Qu.: -0.06858   1st Qu.: -0.30578   1st Qu.: -0.16155  
 Median :-0.30784   Median :  0.00025   Median : -0.05133   Median : -0.09460  
 Mean   : 0.00676   Mean   :  0.00746   Mean   : -0.00209   Mean   : -0.00650  
 3rd Qu.: 0.15664   3rd Qu.:  0.07004   3rd Qu.:  0.31693   3rd Qu.:  0.05667  
 Max.   :62.93640   Max.   :140.12330   Max.   : 11.36780   Max.   : 15.02956  
     Attr13             Attr14               Attr15              Attr16        
 Min.   :-4.25256   Min.   :-141.17661   Min.   :-64.25595   Min.   :-7.24322  
 1st Qu.:-0.01219   1st Qu.:  -0.00802   1st Qu.: -0.02051   1st Qu.:-0.42562  
 Median :-0.01126   Median :   0.00429   Median : -0.01194   Median :-0.24440  
 Mean   :-0.00563   Mean   :  -0.00696   Mean   : -0.00499   Mean   : 0.00457  
 3rd Qu.:-0.00996   3rd Qu.:   0.02423   3rd Qu.:  0.00500   3rd Qu.: 0.11749  
 Max.   :62.37751   Max.   :   0.62309   Max.   : 92.51573   Max.   :30.01611  
     Attr17             Attr18               Attr19              Attr20        
 Min.   :-1.01052   Min.   :-139.01042   Min.   :-98.84424   Min.   :-0.07366  
 1st Qu.:-0.44571   1st Qu.:  -0.01003   1st Qu.:  0.00136   1st Qu.:-0.05052  
 Median :-0.26087   Median :   0.00208   Median :  0.01653   Median :-0.02890  
 Mean   : 0.00856   Mean   :  -0.00765   Mean   : -0.00397   Mean   :-0.00733  
 3rd Qu.: 0.09559   3rd Qu.:   0.02172   3rd Qu.:  0.04223   3rd Qu.: 0.00122  
 Max.   :45.28443   Max.   :  13.49006   Max.   :  1.34996   Max.   :47.02586  
     Attr21              Attr22               Attr23              Attr24         
 Min.   : -0.02006   Min.   :-100.67115   Min.   :-99.02106   Min.   :-89.68945  
 1st Qu.: -0.01622   1st Qu.:  -0.33472   1st Qu.:  0.00436   1st Qu.: -0.03950  
 Median : -0.01569   Median :  -0.07019   Median :  0.01734   Median : -0.00487  
 Mean   :  0.01033   Mean   :  -0.00458   Mean   : -0.00328   Mean   : -0.01159  
 3rd Qu.: -0.01503   3rd Qu.:   0.29828   3rd Qu.:  0.03938   3rd Qu.:  0.04440  
 Max.   :123.12321   Max.   :   9.77809   Max.   :  1.35620   Max.   : 28.45007  
     Attr25              Attr26             Attr27              Attr28        
 Min.   : -7.49353   Min.   :-7.83437   Min.   : -0.18427   Min.   :-2.38889  
 1st Qu.: -0.17672   1st Qu.:-0.40938   1st Qu.: -0.00998   1st Qu.:-0.02109  
 Median :  0.02746   Median :-0.23293   Median : -0.00995   Median :-0.01824  
 Mean   :  0.00658   Mean   : 0.00499   Mean   :  0.00505   Mean   :-0.00324  
 3rd Qu.:  0.21743   3rd Qu.: 0.10851   3rd Qu.: -0.00986   3rd Qu.:-0.01315  
 Max.   :130.85159   Max.   :26.31755   Max.   :133.59519   Max.   :57.68191  
     Attr29              Attr30             Attr31              Attr32        
 Min.   :-7.035371   Min.   :-0.23361   Min.   :-92.35599   Min.   :-0.03522  
 1st Qu.:-0.639265   1st Qu.:-0.02310   1st Qu.: -0.00173   1st Qu.:-0.02433  
 Median :-0.046048   Median :-0.01903   Median :  0.01612   Median :-0.01982  
 Mean   : 0.000412   Mean   :-0.00759   Mean   : -0.00328   Mean   :-0.00688  
 3rd Qu.: 0.602427   3rd Qu.:-0.01301   3rd Qu.:  0.04370   3rd Qu.:-0.01319  
 Max.   : 4.926552   Max.   :25.00019   Max.   :  2.98068   Max.   :35.01931  
     Attr33             Attr34             Attr35              Attr36        
 Min.   :-3.44220   Min.   :-2.41553   Min.   :-81.57126   Min.   :-1.49579  
 1st Qu.:-0.38248   1st Qu.:-0.61725   1st Qu.: -0.36291   1st Qu.:-0.59458  
 Median :-0.18186   Median :-0.31256   Median : -0.08077   Median :-0.19602  
 Mean   : 0.02274   Mean   : 0.01194   Mean   : -0.00410   Mean   : 0.00934  
 3rd Qu.: 0.13744   3rd Qu.: 0.30927   3rd Qu.:  0.33797   3rd Qu.: 0.35206  
 Max.   :67.72026   Max.   :29.36014   Max.   : 11.90836   Max.   :54.77160  
     Attr37              Attr38              Attr39              Attr40        
 Min.   : -0.03540   Min.   : -0.95328   Min.   :-86.74667   Min.   :-3.32575  
 1st Qu.: -0.03438   1st Qu.: -0.04530   1st Qu.: -0.01169   1st Qu.:-0.13731  
 Median : -0.03377   Median :  0.00095   Median :  0.01129   Median :-0.10939  
 Mean   :  0.00543   Mean   :  0.00747   Mean   : -0.00088   Mean   :-0.00199  
 3rd Qu.: -0.03113   3rd Qu.:  0.04301   3rd Qu.:  0.04698   3rd Qu.:-0.02434  
 Max.   :118.20801   Max.   :140.88439   Max.   :  1.73931   Max.   :50.83038  
     Attr41              Attr42              Attr43              Attr44         
 Min.   :-0.366493   Min.   :-91.70980   Min.   :-0.032807   Min.   :-0.022776  
 1st Qu.:-0.007438   1st Qu.: -0.00920   1st Qu.:-0.020529   1st Qu.:-0.016182  
 Median :-0.007407   Median :  0.00977   Median :-0.015198   Median :-0.012846  
 Mean   :-0.007309   Mean   : -0.00506   Mean   :-0.010585   Mean   :-0.009997  
 3rd Qu.:-0.007351   3rd Qu.:  0.03621   3rd Qu.:-0.008682   3rd Qu.:-0.008601  
 Max.   : 0.189483   Max.   : 25.38972   Max.   :11.279457   Max.   : 4.355692  
     Attr45               Attr46             Attr47             Attr48         
 Min.   :-140.72507   Min.   :-2.56878   Min.   :-0.07011   Min.   :-88.95798  
 1st Qu.:   0.00385   1st Qu.:-0.18380   1st Qu.:-0.03502   1st Qu.: -0.22455  
 Median :   0.00429   Median :-0.10800   Median :-0.02637   Median : -0.00436  
 Mean   :  -0.00614   Mean   : 0.00311   Mean   :-0.00467   Mean   : -0.00641  
 3rd Qu.:   0.00529   3rd Qu.: 0.01823   3rd Qu.:-0.01454   3rd Qu.:  0.29961  
 Max.   :   4.52998   Max.   :58.06043   Max.   :66.35172   Max.   :  8.01754  
     Attr49              Attr50             Attr51             Attr52        
 Min.   :-86.86652   Min.   :-0.99149   Min.   :-1.56028   Min.   :-0.03462  
 1st Qu.:  0.00594   1st Qu.:-0.47916   1st Qu.:-0.67117   1st Qu.:-0.02372  
 Median :  0.02456   Median :-0.23076   Median :-0.14449   Median :-0.01924  
 Mean   : -0.00064   Mean   : 0.00098   Mean   :-0.00185   Mean   :-0.00729  
 3rd Qu.:  0.04744   3rd Qu.: 0.13998   3rd Qu.: 0.49283   3rd Qu.:-0.01262  
 Max.   :  1.30222   Max.   :24.14990   Max.   :46.28028   Max.   :35.09456  
     Attr53               Attr54             Attr55               Attr56         
 Min.   :-14.895609   Min.   :-2.44303   Min.   :-19.007973   Min.   :-1.657288  
 1st Qu.: -0.029205   1st Qu.:-0.02077   1st Qu.: -0.127228   1st Qu.: 0.009315  
 Median : -0.018638   Median :-0.01777   Median : -0.101706   Median : 0.009838  
 Mean   : -0.007953   Mean   :-0.00311   Mean   : -0.008807   Mean   : 0.009804  
 3rd Qu.: -0.004382   3rd Qu.:-0.01274   3rd Qu.: -0.021740   3rd Qu.: 0.010693  
 Max.   : 16.960384   Max.   :58.49808   Max.   : 22.759195   Max.   : 0.036727  
     Attr57              Attr58              Attr59              Attr60         
 Min.   :-42.38124   Min.   :-0.037484   Min.   :-3.218490   Min.   : -0.04860  
 1st Qu.:  0.00320   1st Qu.:-0.010766   1st Qu.:-0.022740   1st Qu.: -0.04342  
 Median :  0.01001   Median :-0.009924   Median :-0.020438   Median : -0.03993  
 Mean   :  0.00521   Mean   :-0.009751   Mean   :-0.002655   Mean   :  0.00455  
 3rd Qu.:  0.01990   3rd Qu.:-0.009416   3rd Qu.:-0.014401   3rd Qu.: -0.03182  
 Max.   : 37.40531   Max.   : 2.551674   Max.   :27.969785   Max.   :117.34107  
     Attr61             Attr62              Attr63             Attr64        
 Min.   :-0.41252   Min.   :-0.022204   Min.   :-0.74330   Min.   :-0.05097  
 1st Qu.:-0.22124   1st Qu.:-0.016847   1st Qu.:-0.37138   1st Qu.:-0.04160  
 Median :-0.13965   Median :-0.013821   Median :-0.18031   Median :-0.03432  
 Mean   : 0.01433   Mean   :-0.006864   Mean   : 0.02075   Mean   :-0.00398  
 3rd Qu.:-0.00221   3rd Qu.:-0.009476   3rd Qu.: 0.13324   3rd Qu.:-0.02051  
 Max.   :59.13916   Max.   :23.970250   Max.   :62.52724   Max.   :90.77469  
     class       
 Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.:0.0000  
 Median :0.0000  
 Mean   :0.0203  
 3rd Qu.:0.0000  
 Max.   :1.0000  

Pre-process : Scale the data

na.omit(bankruptcy_data)

# removing those observation rows with 0 in any of the variables
for (i in 1:64) {
      bankruptcy_data <- bankruptcy_data[which(bankruptcy_data[, i] != 0), ]
}

dim(bankruptcy_data)

[1] 10000    65

# scale the covariates for easier comparison of coefficient posteriors

for (i in 1:64) {
      bankruptcy_data[i] <- scale(bankruptcy_data[i])
}

dim(bankruptcy_data)

[1] 10000    65

Make “class” to be factor type and create x and y variables

bankruptcy_data$class <- factor(bankruptcy_data$class)
# preparing the inputs
x <- model.matrix(class ~ . - 1, data = bankruptcy_data)
y <- bankruptcy_data$class

dim(bankruptcy_data)

[1] 10000    65

head(bankruptcy_data)

Take smaller dataset sample for development purpose

bankruptcy_small <- bankruptcy_data %>% group_by(class) %>% sample_frac(.08)
str(bankruptcy_small)

tibble [800 × 65] (S3: grouped_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
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  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00795
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr1"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.4
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr1"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
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  .. ..$ : chr "Attr1"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr3"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr3"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr4"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
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  .. ..$ : chr "Attr4"
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  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00469
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr5"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
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  .. ..$ : chr "Attr5"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr6"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
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  .. ..$ : chr "Attr6"
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  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00696
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  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr11"
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  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00458
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  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
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  .. ..$ : chr "Attr22"
 $ Attr23: num [1:800, 1] 0.0536 0.0124 0.0162 0.0274 0.067 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00328
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr23"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.11
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr23"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr23"
 $ Attr24: num [1:800, 1] 0.04925 0.03604 0.01694 0.00487 0.01386 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0116
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr24"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.1
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr24"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr24"
 $ Attr25: num [1:800, 1] 0.15765 0.0975 0.00796 -0.18779 0.34543 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00658
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr25"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.36
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr25"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr25"
 $ Attr26: num [1:800, 1] 0.412 -0.256 -0.355 -0.339 0.516 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00499
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr26"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr26"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr26"
 $ Attr27: num [1:800, 1] -0.0112 -0.0111 -0.0112 -0.0112 -0.0112 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00505
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr27"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr27"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr27"
 $ Attr28: num [1:800, 1] -0.023 -0.022 -0.0186 -0.038 -0.0257 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00324
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr28"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.644
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr28"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr28"
 $ Attr29: num [1:800, 1] 0.097 -1.0114 -0.4627 -0.0693 1.6699 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.000412
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr29"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.01
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr29"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr29"
 $ Attr30: num [1:800, 1] -0.03258 -0.04332 -0.00944 -0.01722 -0.03539 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00759
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr30"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.361
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr30"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr30"
 $ Attr31: num [1:800, 1] 0.05008 0.00647 0.01965 0.02588 0.07258 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00328
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr31"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.06
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr31"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr31"
 $ Attr32: num [1:800, 1] -0.031625 -0.040942 -0.038457 -0.000458 -0.024224 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00688
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr32"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.421
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr32"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr32"
 $ Attr33: num [1:800, 1] -0.16114 0.07664 -0.00619 -0.42266 -0.26363 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0227
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr33"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.18
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr33"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr33"
 $ Attr34: num [1:800, 1] -0.51089 1.31685 -0.09163 -0.00839 -0.4821 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0119
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr34"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.1
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr34"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr34"
 $ Attr35: num [1:800, 1] 0.4046 -0.0778 -0.2455 0.4427 0.053 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0041
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr35"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.16
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr35"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr35"
 $ Attr36: num [1:800, 1] -0.2359 0.9641 -0.6158 0.0454 -0.7919 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00934
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr36"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.09
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr36"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr36"
 $ Attr37: num [1:800, 1] -0.0307 -0.0238 -0.031 -0.0284 -0.0265 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00543
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr37"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.29
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr37"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr37"
 $ Attr38: num [1:800, 1] 0.0162 -0.0185 0.0425 -0.0948 0.0404 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00747
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr38"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr38"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr38"
 $ Attr39: num [1:800, 1] 0.06825 -0.00302 0.00284 0.05371 0.07622 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.000878
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr39"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.903
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr39"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr39"
 $ Attr40: num [1:800, 1] -0.152 -0.207 -0.119 -0.199 -0.175 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00199
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr40"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.709
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr40"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr40"
 $ Attr41: num [1:800, 1] -0.02611 -0.01571 -0.00488 -0.01439 -0.02615 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00731
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr41"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.00495
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr41"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr41"
 $ Attr42: num [1:800, 1] 0.04894 0.00201 0.00623 0.03236 0.05414 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00506
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr42"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.08
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr42"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr42"
 $ Attr43: num [1:800, 1] -0.03012 -0.07668 0.04803 -0.05856 0.00525 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0106
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr43"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.125
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr43"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr43"
 $ Attr44: num [1:800, 1] -0.01597 -0.04 0.13536 -0.00691 0.00435 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.01
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr44"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.0633
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr44"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr44"
 $ Attr45: num [1:800, 1] 0.00821 0.00747 0.00728 0.00825 0.00808 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00614
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr45"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr45"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr45"
 $ Attr46: num [1:800, 1] -0.0962 -0.0871 0.2019 -0.2418 -0.1335 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00311
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr46"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.889
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr46"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr46"
 $ Attr47: num [1:800, 1] -0.0237 -0.0383 -0.0235 -0.0368 -0.0131 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00467
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr47"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.84
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr47"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr47"
 $ Attr48: num [1:800, 1] 0.06628 -0.00104 -0.11954 0.36817 0.12064 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00641
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr48"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.18
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr48"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr48"
 $ Attr49: num [1:800, 1] 0.0314 0.0219 0.0106 0.0522 0.0539 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.000638
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr49"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.02
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr49"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr49"
 $ Attr50: num [1:800, 1] -0.1943 -0.0182 -0.3524 -0.5828 0.108 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00098
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr50"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.991
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr50"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr50"
 $ Attr51: num [1:800, 1] -0.322 0.31 -0.836 1.601 -0.763 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00185
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr51"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.05
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr51"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr51"
 $ Attr52: num [1:800, 1] -0.02979 -0.03933 -0.03679 0.00214 -0.02221 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00729
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr52"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.412
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr52"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr52"
 $ Attr53: num [1:800, 1] -0.0241 0.0012 -0.0424 -0.0901 -0.0165 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00795
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr53"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.328
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr53"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr53"
 $ Attr54: num [1:800, 1] -0.021 -0.02 -0.0169 -0.0368 -0.0237 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00311
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr54"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.648
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr54"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr54"
 $ Attr55: num [1:800, 1] -0.064 -0.1321 -0.0814 -0.2793 0.4017 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00881
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr55"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.819
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr55"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr55"
 $ Attr56: num [1:800, 1] 0.046 -0.0213 -0.0154 0.0354 0.0569 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0098
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr56"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.0174
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr56"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr56"
 $ Attr57: num [1:800, 1] 0.02144 0.00385 0.00068 0.05024 0.00721 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00521
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr57"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.719
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr57"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr57"
 $ Attr58: num [1:800, 1] -0.03862 0.00759 0.00554 -0.00704 -0.04589 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00975
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr58"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.0261
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr58"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr58"
 $ Attr59: num [1:800, 1] -0.0352 -0.0435 -0.0124 -0.0374 -0.0442 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00266
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr59"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.467
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr59"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr59"
 $ Attr60: num [1:800, 1] -0.036 -0.0262 -0.0365 -0.0276 -0.0379 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00455
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr60"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.25
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr60"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr60"
 $ Attr61: num [1:800, 1] -0.168 -0.139 -0.256 -0.177 -0.187 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0143
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr61"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.17
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr61"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr61"
 $ Attr62: num [1:800, 1] -0.02678 -0.03413 -0.03162 0.00492 -0.02002 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00686
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr62"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.277
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr62"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr62"
 $ Attr63: num [1:800, 1] -0.1507 0.0324 -0.0426 -0.4306 -0.2522 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0208
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr63"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.12
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr63"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr63"
 $ Attr64: num [1:800, 1] -0.03589 -0.00937 -0.04046 -0.03243 -0.04495 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00398
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr64"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.931
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr64"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:800] "2421" "5377" "9487" "1283" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr64"
 $ class : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
 - attr(*, "groups")= tibble [2 × 2] (S3: tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
  ..$ class: Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2
  ..$ .rows: list<int> [1:2] 
  .. ..$ : int [1:784] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
  .. ..$ : int [1:16] 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 ...
  .. ..@ ptype: int(0) 
  ..- attr(*, ".drop")= logi TRUE

typeof(bankruptcy_data)

[1] "list"

table(bankruptcy_small$class)

  0   1 
784  16 

bankruptcy_train <- bankruptcy_small %>% group_by(class) %>% sample_frac(.70)
bankruptcy_train

table(bankruptcy_train$class)

  0   1 
549  11 

bankruptcy_test <- anti_join(bankruptcy_small %>% group_by(class) %>% sample_frac(.90), bankruptcy_train)

Joining, by = c("Attr1", "Attr2", "Attr3", "Attr4", "Attr5", "Attr6", "Attr7", "Attr8", "Attr9", "Attr10", "Attr11", "Attr12", "Attr13", "Attr14", "Attr15", "Attr16", "Attr17", "Attr18", "Attr19", "Attr20", "Attr21", "Attr22", "Attr23", "Attr24", "Attr25", "Attr26", "Attr27", "Attr28", "Attr29", "Attr30", "Attr31", "Attr32", "Attr33", "Attr34", "Attr35", "Attr36", "Attr37", "Attr38", "Attr39", "Attr40", "Attr41", "Attr42", "Attr43", "Attr44", "Attr45", "Attr46", "Attr47", "Attr48", "Attr49", "Attr50", "Attr51", "Attr52", "Attr53", "Attr54", "Attr55", "Attr56", "Attr57", "Attr58", "Attr59", "Attr60", "Attr61", "Attr62", "Attr63", "Attr64", "class")

bankruptcy_test

table(bankruptcy_test$class)

  0   1 
206   4 

Get dimensions

n=dim(bankruptcy_train)[1]
p=dim(bankruptcy_train)[2]
#str(bankruptcy_train)

dim(bankruptcy_train)

[1] 560  65

names(bankruptcy_train)

 [1] "Attr1"  "Attr2"  "Attr3"  "Attr4"  "Attr5"  "Attr6"  "Attr7"  "Attr8"  "Attr9" 
[10] "Attr10" "Attr11" "Attr12" "Attr13" "Attr14" "Attr15" "Attr16" "Attr17" "Attr18"
[19] "Attr19" "Attr20" "Attr21" "Attr22" "Attr23" "Attr24" "Attr25" "Attr26" "Attr27"
[28] "Attr28" "Attr29" "Attr30" "Attr31" "Attr32" "Attr33" "Attr34" "Attr35" "Attr36"
[37] "Attr37" "Attr38" "Attr39" "Attr40" "Attr41" "Attr42" "Attr43" "Attr44" "Attr45"
[46] "Attr46" "Attr47" "Attr48" "Attr49" "Attr50" "Attr51" "Attr52" "Attr53" "Attr54"
[55] "Attr55" "Attr56" "Attr57" "Attr58" "Attr59" "Attr60" "Attr61" "Attr62" "Attr63"
[64] "Attr64" "class" 

typeof(bankruptcy_train)

[1] "list"

A Bayesian logistic regression model

library(tidyverse)

Registered S3 methods overwritten by 'dbplyr':
  method         from
  print.tbl_lazy     
  print.tbl_sql      
── Attaching packages ──────────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse 1.3.0 ──
✓ ggplot2 3.3.2     ✓ purrr   0.3.4
✓ tibble  3.0.3     ✓ dplyr   1.0.1
✓ tidyr   1.1.1     ✓ stringr 1.4.0
✓ readr   1.3.1     ✓ forcats 0.5.0
── Conflicts ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
x dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()

library(caret)

Loading required package: lattice
Registered S3 method overwritten by 'data.table':
  method           from
  print.data.table     

Attaching package: ‘caret’

The following object is masked from ‘package:purrr’:

    lift

library(GGally)

Registered S3 method overwritten by 'GGally':
  method from   
  +.gg   ggplot2

library(ggplot2)
library(corrplot)

corrplot 0.84 loaded

library(bayesplot)

This is bayesplot version 1.7.2
- Online documentation and vignettes at mc-stan.org/bayesplot
- bayesplot theme set to bayesplot::theme_default()
   * Does _not_ affect other ggplot2 plots
   * See ?bayesplot_theme_set for details on theme setting

theme_set(bayesplot::theme_default(base_family = "sans"))
library(rstanarm)

Loading required package: Rcpp
Registered S3 method overwritten by 'htmlwidgets':
  method           from         
  print.htmlwidget tools:rstudio
This is rstanarm version 2.21.1
- See https://mc-stan.org/rstanarm/articles/priors for changes to default priors!
- Default priors may change, so it's safest to specify priors, even if equivalent to the defaults.
- For execution on a local, multicore CPU with excess RAM we recommend calling
  options(mc.cores = parallel::detectCores())

Attaching package: ‘rstanarm’

The following objects are masked from ‘package:caret’:

    compare_models, R2

options(mc.cores = parallel::detectCores())
library(loo)

This is loo version 2.3.1
- Online documentation and vignettes at mc-stan.org/loo
- As of v2.0.0 loo defaults to 1 core but we recommend using as many as possible. Use the 'cores' argument or set options(mc.cores = NUM_CORES) for an entire session. 

library(projpred)

This is projpred version 1.1.6.

SEED=42

library(broom)

t_prior <- student_t(df = 7, location = 0, scale = 2.5)
post1 <- stan_glm(class ~ . , data = bankruptcy_train,
                 family = binomial(link = "logit"), 
                 prior = t_prior, prior_intercept = t_prior,
                 seed = 42)

starting worker pid=2707 on localhost:11155 at 20:47:25.857
starting worker pid=2721 on localhost:11155 at 20:47:26.265
starting worker pid=2735 on localhost:11155 at 20:47:26.598
starting worker pid=2749 on localhost:11155 at 20:47:26.964

SAMPLING FOR MODEL 'bernoulli' NOW (CHAIN 1).
Chain 1: 
Chain 1: Gradient evaluation took 0.000629 seconds
Chain 1: 1000 transitions using 10 leapfrog steps per transition would take 6.29 seconds.
Chain 1: Adjust your expectations accordingly!
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SAMPLING FOR MODEL 'bernoulli' NOW (CHAIN 2).
Chain 2: 
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SAMPLING FOR MODEL 'bernoulli' NOW (CHAIN 3).
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summary(post1)

Model Info:
 function:     stan_glm
 family:       binomial [logit]
 formula:      class ~ .
 algorithm:    sampling
 sample:       4000 (posterior sample size)
 priors:       see help('prior_summary')
 observations: 560
 predictors:   65

Estimates:
              mean   sd    10%   50%   90%
(Intercept)  -8.7    1.3 -10.5  -8.6  -7.1
Attr1         0.5    2.6  -2.7   0.4   3.8
Attr2        -0.4    2.9  -3.9  -0.3   3.0
Attr3        -0.6    0.9  -1.7  -0.6   0.5
Attr4        -1.1    2.6  -4.4  -0.9   2.0
Attr5         0.4    2.7  -2.8   0.4   3.8
Attr6         0.4    2.9  -3.2   0.3   4.1
Attr7         0.0    2.9  -3.5   0.0   3.5
Attr8        -0.4    2.2  -3.2  -0.3   2.4
Attr9         0.3    1.4  -1.5   0.2   2.1
Attr10        0.7    2.9  -2.8   0.6   4.4
Attr11       -0.1    1.5  -1.9   0.0   1.8
Attr12       -0.3    2.2  -3.1  -0.3   2.5
Attr13       -0.1    2.9  -3.5  -0.1   3.2
Attr14        0.0    3.0  -3.4   0.0   3.4
Attr15       -0.6    1.1  -2.1  -0.5   0.9
Attr16       -1.0    2.1  -3.8  -1.0   1.5
Attr17       -1.2    2.2  -4.0  -1.1   1.5
Attr18        0.0    2.8  -3.3   0.0   3.5
Attr19       -0.4    2.6  -3.6  -0.4   2.9
Attr20        1.5    2.1  -1.1   1.4   4.2
Attr21       -0.1    2.9  -3.6   0.0   3.5
Attr22       -0.3    1.8  -2.5  -0.2   2.0
Attr23        0.1    2.6  -3.1   0.1   3.3
Attr24        0.0    2.6  -3.3   0.0   3.3
Attr25        0.5    1.8  -1.8   0.5   2.8
Attr26       -0.2    2.1  -2.8  -0.1   2.4
Attr27        0.0    3.0  -3.7   0.0   3.5
Attr28       -1.1    2.8  -4.6  -1.0   2.1
Attr29       -0.4    0.5  -1.0  -0.4   0.2
Attr30       -0.3    2.7  -3.6  -0.2   2.9
Attr31       -0.8    2.5  -3.9  -0.7   2.1
Attr32       -0.3    2.7  -3.6  -0.2   3.1
Attr33       -1.1    2.0  -3.6  -1.1   1.5
Attr34        2.4    1.3   0.8   2.3   4.0
Attr35       -0.7    0.7  -1.7  -0.6   0.1
Attr36        0.5    1.5  -1.4   0.5   2.4
Attr37        0.9    0.5   0.3   0.9   1.5
Attr38        0.4    3.0  -3.2   0.3   4.0
Attr39        0.2    2.6  -3.1   0.1   3.4
Attr40       -0.9    2.4  -4.0  -0.7   2.0
Attr41       -3.6    2.3  -6.7  -3.4  -0.8
Attr42       -0.5    2.8  -4.0  -0.5   2.8
Attr43       -0.1    2.5  -3.1  -0.1   3.1
Attr44       -2.6    2.8  -6.3  -2.4   0.7
Attr45       -0.1    2.7  -3.4   0.0   3.2
Attr46       -2.1    2.7  -5.5  -1.8   1.1
Attr47        0.0    2.9  -3.4   0.0   3.5
Attr48        1.3    1.6  -0.7   1.2   3.3
Attr49       -0.4    2.7  -3.8  -0.4   2.8
Attr50       -0.1    2.0  -2.6  -0.1   2.5
Attr51       -1.3    1.0  -2.6  -1.3  -0.1
Attr52       -0.8    2.8  -4.3  -0.7   2.6
Attr53       -0.9    1.5  -2.9  -0.7   1.0
Attr54       -1.1    2.8  -4.6  -0.9   2.3
Attr55       -1.2    0.7  -2.2  -1.2  -0.3
Attr56        1.5    2.3  -1.4   1.4   4.4
Attr57       -0.1    0.6  -1.0  -0.1   0.6
Attr58       -1.6    2.5  -4.7  -1.5   1.3
Attr59       -0.1    0.9  -1.4   0.0   1.1
Attr60       -2.1    2.0  -4.7  -1.7  -0.1
Attr61       -2.0    1.4  -4.0  -1.8  -0.4
Attr62       -0.3    2.8  -3.8  -0.3   3.0
Attr63       -6.1    3.6 -10.7  -5.5  -2.2
Attr64       -1.1    2.6  -4.4  -1.0   2.0

Fit Diagnostics:
           mean   sd   10%   50%   90%
mean_PPD 0.0    0.0  0.0   0.0   0.0  

The mean_ppd is the sample average posterior predictive distribution of the outcome variable (for details see help('summary.stanreg')).

MCMC diagnostics
              mcse Rhat n_eff
(Intercept)   0.0  1.0  2575 
Attr1         0.0  1.0  6744 
Attr2         0.0  1.0  7186 
Attr3         0.0  1.0  2568 
Attr4         0.0  1.0  5057 
Attr5         0.0  1.0  5556 
Attr6         0.0  1.0  7131 
Attr7         0.0  1.0  6764 
Attr8         0.0  1.0  3941 
Attr9         0.0  1.0  3246 
Attr10        0.0  1.0  6023 
Attr11        0.0  1.0  4380 
Attr12        0.0  1.0  4519 
Attr13        0.0  1.0  5926 
Attr14        0.0  1.0  6704 
Attr15        0.0  1.0  4753 
Attr16        0.0  1.0  3857 
Attr17        0.0  1.0  4231 
Attr18        0.0  1.0  7600 
Attr19        0.0  1.0  5419 
Attr20        0.0  1.0  5161 
Attr21        0.0  1.0  6414 
Attr22        0.0  1.0  3823 
Attr23        0.0  1.0  5061 
Attr24        0.0  1.0  4978 
Attr25        0.0  1.0  5123 
Attr26        0.0  1.0  3786 
Attr27        0.0  1.0  6536 
Attr28        0.0  1.0  4506 
Attr29        0.0  1.0  3850 
Attr30        0.0  1.0  5583 
Attr31        0.0  1.0  5369 
Attr32        0.0  1.0  6335 
Attr33        0.0  1.0  3998 
Attr34        0.0  1.0  3205 
Attr35        0.0  1.0  3434 
Attr36        0.0  1.0  2833 
Attr37        0.0  1.0  6434 
Attr38        0.0  1.0  6559 
Attr39        0.0  1.0  5991 
Attr40        0.0  1.0  5235 
Attr41        0.0  1.0  4568 
Attr42        0.0  1.0  6620 
Attr43        0.0  1.0  5598 
Attr44        0.0  1.0  4861 
Attr45        0.0  1.0  6690 
Attr46        0.0  1.0  4938 
Attr47        0.0  1.0  5764 
Attr48        0.0  1.0  3818 
Attr49        0.0  1.0  6896 
Attr50        0.0  1.0  2954 
Attr51        0.0  1.0  2597 
Attr52        0.0  1.0  6122 
Attr53        0.0  1.0  2244 
Attr54        0.0  1.0  4867 
Attr55        0.0  1.0  3144 
Attr56        0.0  1.0  5040 
Attr57        0.0  1.0  3534 
Attr58        0.0  1.0  4346 
Attr59        0.0  1.0  4013 
Attr60        0.0  1.0  2823 
Attr61        0.0  1.0  3562 
Attr62        0.0  1.0  6039 
Attr63        0.1  1.0  2797 
Attr64        0.0  1.0  5148 
mean_PPD      0.0  1.0  4090 
log-posterior 0.1  1.0  1832 

For each parameter, mcse is Monte Carlo standard error, n_eff is a crude measure of effective sample size, and Rhat is the potential scale reduction factor on split chains (at convergence Rhat=1).

PPC

pp_check(post1, "dens_overlay")

pp_check(post1, "stat")

Test!!!!

dim(bankruptcy_test)

[1] 210  65

table(bankruptcy_test$class)

  0   1 
206   4 

str(bankruptcy_test)

tibble [210 × 65] (S3: grouped_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
 $ Attr1 : num [1:210, 1] -0.06518 -0.0611 -0.0967 0.00205 0.03195 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00795
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr1"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.4
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr1"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr1"
 $ Attr2 : num [1:210, 1] -0.0113 0.0245 0.0627 0.0881 0.0228 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00714
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr2"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr2"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr2"
 $ Attr3 : num [1:210, 1] -0.0797 -0.4196 0.3843 1.3101 -0.4712 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00354
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr3"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.02
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr3"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr3"
 $ Attr4 : num [1:210, 1] -0.09342 -0.20804 -0.10786 -0.00874 -0.21388 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.005
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr4"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.908
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr4"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr4"
 $ Attr5 : num [1:210, 1] 0.00823 0.00862 0.00808 0.00855 0.00843 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00469
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr5"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.39
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr5"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr5"
 $ Attr6 : num [1:210, 1] 0.0373 -0.01 -0.0173 -0.0136 -0.0136 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00146
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr6"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.29
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr6"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr6"
 $ Attr7 : num [1:210, 1] -0.001577 -0.000537 -0.005357 0.012672 0.015064 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00696
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr7"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr7"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr7"
 $ Attr8 : num [1:210, 1] -0.149 -0.344 -0.471 -0.534 -0.328 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00905
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr8"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.06
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr8"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr8"
 $ Attr9 : num [1:210, 1] -0.337 -0.343 -0.398 -0.023 0.659 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00676
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr9"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.17
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr9"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr9"
 $ Attr10: num [1:210, 1] 0.0136 -0.0257 -0.0705 -0.1027 -0.0199 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00746
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr10"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr10"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr10"
 $ Attr11: num [1:210, 1] -0.31 -0.288 -0.273 0.222 0.114 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00209
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr11"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.22
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr11"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr11"
 $ Attr12: num [1:210, 1] -0.1628 -0.1605 -0.1889 -0.0851 -0.0791 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0065
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr12"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.971
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr12"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr12"
 $ Attr13: num [1:210, 1] -0.00973 -0.01084 -0.011 -0.00931 -0.00898 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00563
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr13"
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  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr13"
 $ Attr14: num [1:210, 1] -0.001579 -0.000539 -0.00536 0.012669 0.015062 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00696
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr14"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr14"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr14"
 $ Attr15: num [1:210, 1] 0.01395 0.0166 0.17374 0.01813 -0.00409 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00499
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr15"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr15"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr15"
 $ Attr16: num [1:210, 1] -0.386 -0.399 -0.521 -0.405 -0.16 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00457
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr16"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.993
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr16"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr16"
 $ Attr17: num [1:210, 1] -0.144 -0.351 -0.48 -0.54 -0.343 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00856
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr17"
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  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr17"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr17"
 $ Attr18: num [1:210, 1] -0.00254 -0.0015 -0.0063 0.01165 0.01403 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00765
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr18"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.4
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr18"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr18"
 $ Attr19: num [1:210, 1] 0.00367 0.00382 -0.0063 0.02833 0.02105 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00397
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr19"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.11
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr19"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr19"
 $ Attr20: num [1:210, 1] 0.0794 -0.1024 0.235 0.1485 -0.0607 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00733
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr20"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.494
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr20"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr20"
 $ Attr21: num [1:210, 1] -0.0191 -0.0187 -0.0187 -0.0168 -0.0186 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0103
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr21"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.4
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr21"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr21"
 $ Attr22: num [1:210, 1] -0.2406 -0.2594 -0.2753 0.0569 0.1164 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00458
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr22"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.24
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr22"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr22"
 $ Attr23: num [1:210, 1] 0.00645 0.00635 -0.00788 0.02639 0.02388 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00328
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr23"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.11
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr23"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr23"
 $ Attr24: num [1:210, 1] 0.04278 -0.02519 -0.02057 -0.00503 0.07585 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0116
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr24"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.1
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr24"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr24"
 $ Attr25: num [1:210, 1] 0.1216 0.0206 -0.1642 -0.1792 -0.2608 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00658
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr25"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.36
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr25"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr25"
 $ Attr26: num [1:210, 1] -0.363 -0.381 -0.525 -0.408 -0.119 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00499
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr26"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.985
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr26"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr26"
 $ Attr27: num [1:210, 1] -0.0112 -0.0112 -0.0112 -0.0112 -0.011 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00505
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr27"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.34
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr27"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr27"
 $ Attr28: num [1:210, 1] -0.0251 -0.0269 -0.0157 0.1586 -0.0274 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00324
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr28"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.644
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr28"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr28"
 $ Attr29: num [1:210, 1] 0.1893 -0.4297 -0.2848 0.0177 -0.3836 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.000412
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr29"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.01
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr29"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr29"
 $ Attr30: num [1:210, 1] -0.01908 -0.04086 0.01493 -0.00548 -0.03526 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00759
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr30"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.361
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr30"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr30"
 $ Attr31: num [1:210, 1] -0.001883 -0.001719 0.000399 0.033599 0.019399 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00328
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr31"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.06
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr31"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr31"
 $ Attr32: num [1:210, 1] -0.037151 -0.041428 -0.000253 -0.015294 -0.031527 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00688
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr32"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.421
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr32"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr32"
 $ Attr33: num [1:210, 1] -0.0427 0.0954 -0.4235 -0.3429 -0.1628 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0227
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr33"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.18
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr33"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr33"
 $ Attr34: num [1:210, 1] -0.611 -0.617 -0.246 -0.152 0.544 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0119
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr34"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.1
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr34"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr34"
 $ Attr35: num [1:210, 1] -0.2844 -0.3064 -0.3535 0.1159 0.0234 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0041
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr35"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.16
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr35"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr35"
 $ Attr36: num [1:210, 1] -0.563 1.202 -0.649 -0.264 0.436 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00934
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr36"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.09
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr36"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr36"
 $ Attr37: num [1:210, 1] -0.0312 -0.0304 -0.031 -0.0309 -0.0244 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00543
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr37"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.29
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr37"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr37"
 $ Attr38: num [1:210, 1] 0.0324 -0.0297 -0.0155 -0.0222 -0.0467 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00747
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr38"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr38"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr38"
 $ Attr39: num [1:210, 1] -0.00443 -0.01573 -0.01482 0.03684 0.00877 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.000878
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr39"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.903
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr39"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr39"
 $ Attr40: num [1:210, 1] -0.1816 -0.2105 -0.1962 -0.0996 -0.1838 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00199
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr40"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.709
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr40"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr40"
 $ Attr41: num [1:210, 1] -0.00929 -0.00268 0.02906 -0.00219 -0.01993 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00731
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr41"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.00495
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr41"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr41"
 $ Attr42: num [1:210, 1] 0.0015 -0.00588 -0.00209 0.02464 0.01516 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00506
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr42"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.08
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr42"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr42"
 $ Attr43: num [1:210, 1] -0.0341 -0.0968 0.184 0.1228 -0.0683 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.0106
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr43"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.125
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr43"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr43"
 $ Attr44: num [1:210, 1] -0.1705 -0.0734 0.0889 0.0698 -0.0663 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.01
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr44"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.0633
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr44"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr44"
 $ Attr45: num [1:210, 1] 0.00706 0.00711 0.00697 0.00722 0.00763 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00614
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr45"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.41
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr45"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr45"
 $ Attr46: num [1:210, 1] -0.305 -0.144 -0.198 -0.09 -0.191 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00311
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr46"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.889
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr46"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr46"
 $ Attr47: num [1:210, 1] -0.000812 -0.039887 0.032025 0.017807 -0.030507 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00467
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr47"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.84
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr47"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr47"
 $ Attr48: num [1:210, 1] -0.1672 -0.2067 -0.1346 0.2289 0.0541 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00641
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr48"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.18
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr48"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr48"
 $ Attr49: num [1:210, 1] 0.00452 0.01281 0.00791 0.04762 0.02604 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.000638
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr49"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.02
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr49"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr49"
 $ Attr50: num [1:210, 1] -0.479 -0.329 -0.315 -0.161 -0.314 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00098
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr50"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.991
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr50"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr50"
 $ Attr51: num [1:210, 1] -0.747 0.466 0.254 0.377 0.536 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00185
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr51"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.05
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr51"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr51"
 $ Attr52: num [1:210, 1] -0.03545 -0.03983 0.00235 -0.01306 -0.02969 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00729
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr52"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.412
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr52"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr52"
 $ Attr53: num [1:210, 1] -0.0501 -0.0448 -0.0529 0.1188 -0.0403 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00795
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr53"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.328
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr53"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr53"
 $ Attr54: num [1:210, 1] -0.0239 -0.0254 -0.0137 0.162 -0.028 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00311
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr54"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.648
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr54"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr54"
 $ Attr55: num [1:210, 1] -0.078 -0.1392 -0.0791 0.0692 -0.142 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00881
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr55"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.819
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr55"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr55"
 $ Attr56: num [1:210, 1] -0.0274 -0.0341 -0.0331 0.0185 -0.0095 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0098
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr56"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.0174
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr56"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr56"
 $ Attr57: num [1:210, 1] -0.00384 -0.00274 -0.01585 0.05083 0.01792 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00521
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr57"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.719
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr57"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr57"
 $ Attr58: num [1:210, 1] 0.01015 0.01459 0.02566 -0.01003 -0.00298 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00975
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr58"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.0261
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr58"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr58"
 $ Attr59: num [1:210, 1] -0.02551 -0.03385 0.00937 0.0887 -0.04349 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00266
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr59"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.467
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr59"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr59"
 $ Attr60: num [1:210, 1] -0.0395 -0.0228 -0.0407 -0.0402 -0.0339 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.00455
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr60"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.25
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr60"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr60"
 $ Attr61: num [1:210, 1] 0.7799 -0.0802 -0.2387 -0.2299 -0.0949 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0143
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr61"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.17
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr61"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr61"
 $ Attr62: num [1:210, 1] -0.0298 -0.0343 0.0109 -0.0089 -0.0244 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00686
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr62"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.277
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr62"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr62"
 $ Attr63: num [1:210, 1] -0.0874 0.0385 -0.4535 -0.3553 -0.1911 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num 0.0208
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr63"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 1.12
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr63"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr63"
 $ Attr64: num [1:210, 1] -0.0424 -0.0127 -0.0344 0.1364 -0.0235 ...
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:center")= Named num -0.00398
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr64"
  ..- attr(*, "scaled:scale")= Named num 0.931
  .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Attr64"
  ..- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
  .. ..$ : chr [1:210] "3960" "2136" "3338" "7156" ...
  .. ..$ : chr "Attr64"
 $ class : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
 - attr(*, "groups")= tibble [2 × 2] (S3: tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
  ..$ class: Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2
  ..$ .rows: list<int> [1:2] 
  .. ..$ : int [1:205] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
  .. ..$ : int [1:5] 206 207 208 209 210
  .. ..@ ptype: int(0) 
  ..- attr(*, ".drop")= logi TRUE

bankruptcy_test <- ungroup(bankruptcy_test)
dim(bankruptcy_test)

[1] 210  65

bankruptcy_test_x <- select(bankruptcy_test, -class)
dim(bankruptcy_test_x)

[1] 210  64

posterior <- posterior_predict(post1, newdata = bankruptcy_test_x)

dim(posterior)

[1] 4000  210

hist(posterior)

bankruptcy_test$class

  [1] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 [43] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 [85] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[127] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[169] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
Levels: 0 1

j <- filter(bankruptcy_test, class==1)
dim(j)

[1]  4 65

pred <- colMeans(posterior)
pr <- as.integer(pred >= 0.5)

table(pr)

pr
  0   1 
208   2 

true_pr <- bankruptcy_test$class
table(true_pr)

true_pr
  0   1 
206   4 

table(true_pr, pr)

       pr
true_pr   0   1
      0 204   2
      1   4   0

library(MLmetrics)

Attaching package: ‘MLmetrics’

The following objects are masked from ‘package:caret’:

    MAE, RMSE

The following object is masked from ‘package:base’:

    Recall

ConfusionMatrix(pr, true_pr)

      y_pred
y_true   0   1
     0 204   2
     1   4   0

Precision(true_pr, pr)

[1] 0.9807692

Recall(true_pr, pr)

[1] 0.9902913